Mastering MRCS 2

Introduction 1
1. Vascular diagnosis 15
2. Acute limb ischaemia: Diagnosis 17
3. Diagnostic investigations 19
4. Doppler characteristics 21
5. Duplex scans 23
6. Vascular pharmacology-Action of anticoagulants 25
7. Vascular pharmacology-Circulation enhancing drugs 27
8. Vascular pharmacology-Monitoring 29
9. Extremity vascular trauma-Management 31
10. Vascular trauma- management 33
11. Iatrogenic vascular injuries 35
12. Classical arteriographic findings 37
13. Vascular grafts 39
14. Basic vascular operations 41
15. History of vascular surgery 43
16. Management of abdominal aortic aneurysm 45
17. AAA-Aetiopathology 47
18. AAA-Imaging 49
19. Aortic surgical exposures 51
20. Complications of aortic surgery 53
21. Chronic lower limb ischaemia-Pathology 55
22. Chronic lower limb ischaemia-Treatment 57
23. Five year graft patency rates 59
24. Vascular graft occlusion 61
25. Upper limb ischaemia 63
26. Upper limb ischaemia-Treatment 65
27. Investigations for cerebrovascular disease 67
28. Management of carotid artery lesions 69
29. Swellings in vascular surgery 71
30. Renal and mesenteric vascular disease 73
31. Acute limb swelling 75
32. Risk factors for dvt 77
33. Thromboprophylaxis 79
34. Thromboembolism diagnosis 81
35. Thromboembolism-Treatment 83
36. Chronic unilateral leg swelling 85
37. Varicose veins-Aetiology 87
38. Varicose veins-Investigations 89
39. Treatment of venous disease 91
40. Leg ulcers 93
41. Acute neonatal conditions 95
42. Acute neonatal conditions 97
43. Neonatal conditions 99
44. Paediatric gastrointestinal disorders 101
45. Paediatric conditions 103
46. Investigations for paediatric conditions 105
47. Choice of surgery 107
48. Paediatric investigations 109
49. Paediatric tumours 111
50. Abdominal diseases of childhood 113
51. Paediatric neck lumps 115
52. Scrotal swellings 117
53. Scrotal swellings/pain 119
54. Investigations for scrotal conditions 121
55. Treatment for testicular tumours 123
56. Treatment for testicular swellings 125
57. Diagnosis of penile conditions 127
58. Diagnosis of penile conditions 129
59. Diagnosis of penile conditions 131
60. Diagnosis of male infertility 133
61. Perioperative management 135
62. Prophylaxis of wound infection 137
63. Trauma in young children 139
64. Children's orthopaedics 141
65. Swellings in the neck 143
66. Chemotherapy 145
67. Tumour syndromes/associations 147
68. Tumour syndromes/associations 149
69. Biochemistry 151
70. Hyponatraemia 153
71. ECG changes 155
72. Medications in GI disorders 157
73. Side effects of antibiotics 159
74. Analgesics in surgery 161
75. Cytotoxic drugs 163
76. Hormone secreting tumours 165
77. Palliative care 167
78. Embryology 169
79. Skin grafting in burns 171
80. Antiplatelet therapy 173
81. Treatment of burns 175
82. Pathologies of the groin 177
83. Lump in the groin 179
84. Hernia 181
85. Hernia 183
86. Hernia 185
87. Hernia 187
88. Hernia 189
89. Indirect hernia 191
90. Repair of hernia 193
91. Skin lesions 195
92. Soft tissue swellings 197
93. Skin lesions 199
94. Management of skin cancers 201
95. Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage 203
96. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage 205
97. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage 207
98. Rectal bleeding 209
99. Dysphagia 211
100. Acute abdomen 213
101. Acute abdomen 215
102. Abdominal pain 217
103. Abdominal conditions 219
104. Abdominal disease 221
105. Abdominal disease 223
106. Abdominal disease 225
107. Abdominal disease 227
108. Investigations for abdominal pain 229
109. Investigations for abdominal pain 231
110. Investigations of the gastrointestinal tract 233
111. Abdominal lumps 235
112. Abdominal lumps 237
113. Postoperative pyrexia 239
114. Postoperative complications 241
115. Investigation of postoperative complications 243
116. Surgical investigations 245
117. Surgical investigations 247
118. Surgical investigations 249
119. Pancreatic tumours 251
120. Postoperative respiratory complications 253
121. Timing of surgical procedures 255
122. Jaundice 257
123. Surgical principles-Nutrition 259
124. Postoperative renal management 261
125. Management of trauma 263
126. Investigation in lower GI surgery 265
127. Preoperative investigations 267
128. Aetiology of peritonitis 269
129. Dysphagia/odynophagie 271
130. Pancreato-biliary disease 273
131. Cutaneous manifestations of tumours 275
132. Cutaneous manifestations of tumours 277
133. Types of polyps 279
134. Scoring systems 281
135. Fistula 283
136. Lymphatic drainage 285
137. Causes of shock 287
138. Nail changes 289
139. Nail changes 291
140. Ocular signs 293
142. Anorectal causes of pain 297
143. Statistical tests 299
144. Trial design and principles 301
145. Basic terms in statistics 303
146. Types of bias 305
147. Scientific evidence 307
148. Statistical terms 309
149. NHS issues 311
150. Audit techniques 313
151. Components of clinical governance 315
152. Law surrounding death 317
153. Death certificates 319
154. Benign breast disease 321
155. Thyroid cancer 323
156. Prognosis of thyroid cancer 325
157. Gynaecomastia 327
158. Gynaecomastia 329
159. Complications of breast carcinoma 331
160. Ear ache in paediatrics 333
161. Oral signs and systemic disease 335
162. Terminology in ENT disorders 337
163. Diagnosis of throat disorders 339
164. Diseases involving the head and neck 341
165. Visual field defects 343
166. Transient visual loss 345
167. Diagnosis of stridor 347
168. Vertigo 349
169. Epistaxis 351
170. Diagnosis of hoarseness of voice 353
171. Bacterial surgical infections 355
172. Bacterial surgical infections 357
173. Anaerobes and surgery 359
174. Loin pain 361
175. Renal conditions 363
176. Disorders of the urinary system 365
177. Treatment of urological malignancies 367
178. Urological calculi 369
179. Treatment of urological conditions 371
180. Chemistry of renal calculi 373
181. Impotence 375
182. Diagnosis of urinary incontinence 377
183. Treatment of urinary incontinence 379
185. Cardiac abnormalities 383
186. Complications of thoracic surgery 385
187. Empyema 387
188. Staging lung cancer 389
189. Cardiothoracic emergencies 391
190. Lung cancer complications 393
191. Pathology of breast carcinoma 395
192. Investigation of breast disease 397
193. Investigation of breast disease 399
194. Benign breast disease 401
195. Progression of breast cancer 403
196. Diagnosis of breast disease 405
197. First line management of breast cancer 407
198. Head and neck lumps 409
199. Goitre 411
200. Management of goitre 413
201. Thyroid disease 415
202. Management of thyroid lumps 417
203. Complications of thyroid surgery 419
204. Thyroid disease 421
205. Lumps in the neck 423
206. Neck lumps 425
207. Neck lumps 427
208. Cervical lymphadenopathy 429
209. Thyroid neoplasms 431
210. Laryngeal cancer 433
211. Soft tissue tumours 435
212. Management of skin and soft tissue lesions 437
213. Malignant melanoma 439
214. Salivary gland disease 441
215. Suture material 443
216. Surgical complications 445
217. Salivary gland tumours 447
218. Benign lesions of skin 449
219. Premalignant lesions of skin 451
220. Peri-anal pain 453
221. Complications of gallstones 455
222. Consent for surgery 457
224. Local anaesthetic agents 461
225. Mode of tumour spread 463
226. Jaundice 465
227. Origin of mediastinal masses 467
228. Terminology in transplantation 469
229. Types of allograft rejection 471
230. Surgical microbiology 473
231. Renal imaging 475
232. Chest trauma 477
233. Trauma in urology 479
234. Major injury 481
235. Brain and spinal tumours 483
236. Chest and thoracic wall injuries 485
237. Head injury 487
238. Lower abdominal pain 489
239. Diagnosis of altered bowel habit 491
240. Diagnosis of altered bowel habit 493
241. Investigations of the upper GI tract 495
243. Management of thromboembolism 499
244. Investigation of diarrhoea 501
245. Abdominal conditions 503
246. Diarrhoea 505
247. Complications of gallstone disease 507
248. Presentations of lymphoedema 509
249. Involvement of nerves 511
250. Hand 513
251. Investigations for postoperative complications 515
252. Tumour markers 517
253. Arterial blood gas analysis 519
254. Ulceration 521
255. Choice of colorectal surgery 523
256. Diagnosis of fractures 525
257. Conditions of the hand 527
258. Shoulder joint pathologies 529
259. Disorders of elbow joint 531
260. Wrist problems 533
261. Hand injuries 535
263. Back pain 539
264. Diagnosis of back pain 541
265. Peripheral nerve injuries 543
266. Lower limb nerve injuries 545
267. Calcium homeostasis 547
268. Childhood extremity disorders 549
270. Complications of fractures 553
271. Causes of pathological fractures 555
272. Treatment of back pain 557
273. Bone disease 559
274. Bony lesions 561
275. Hip fractures 563
276. Abnormalities of synovial fluid 565
277. Disorders of the foot 567
278. Disorders of the foot 569
279. Disorders of the hand 571